Noiseless typewriter



Nov. 10, 1936.

H. BATES NOISELESS TYPEWRI'IER Filed June 16, 1954 INVENTOR HARRY BATESATTORNEY Patented Nov. 10, 1936 NOISELESS TYPEWRITEB Harry Bates. NewYork, N. Y., asilgnor to Bates Laboratories, Inc., New York, N. Y., acorporatlon of New York Application June 16, 1934, Serial No. 730,902

28 Claims. (Cl. 197-25) The invention relates to a functionally andstructurally improved noiseless operating typewriter having type barsselectively responsive to a staccato touch applied to a respective key,the typewriter being characterized by relatively fast operating typebars actuated by a relatively soft pressure on selected keys. In certainaspects, the invention has to do with a noiseless typewriter havingmeans for carrying into effect uniform typing independent of thecharacter 'of the touch applied to the keys. In other aspects, theinvention comprises a typewriter having a multiplicity of'keys eachoperatively associated with a respective type bar each of whicheffectively and uniformly prints pursuant to the removal of fingerpressure on a selected key. In other aspects, the invention has to dowith means for v stages.

advancing in .a relatively fast fashion the type bars towards andagainst the platen in several More specifically, as another aspect, theinvention embodies means for interrupting or stopping the swing of atype bar for a relatively short duration preparatory to its reaching theplaten, the interruptin'g means being in theform of a toggle pivotallyconnected to the type bar, the toggle having a shiftable pivotalconnection and permitting on the upward displacement thereof, the typebar to move in close spatial relation to the platen after which theshiftable pivotal connection is automatically actuated to change thepivotal relation of the toggle in respect to the type bar to permit thetoggle during its downward-displacement to advance the type bar againstthe platen in carrying into effect the printing operation followingwhich the pivotal relation of the toggle in respect to the type bar isagain automatically changed.

In the accompanyingspecification I shall describe and in the annexeddrawing more or less diagrammatically exemplify an illustrativeembodiment of the present invention, particularly in respect to itscycle of operation, although it is to be clearly understood that theinvention is not limited to the specific embodiment herein shown anddescribed for purposes of illustration only and in said drawing:--

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary transverse view partly in section of a noiselesstypewriter according to my invention, illustrating a type bar in 9.normally non-printing position and at rest and the toggle collapsed.

Fig. 2 is a view showing the position of a type bar after its respectivekey lever has been struck, particularly illustrating the toggleexpanded, with clamping component thereof about to compress a stationaryspring and its companion complement passing upwardly through the zone ofdead center.

Fig. 3 illustrates the clamping component of the toggle compressing thestationary spring and its companion component past the zone of deadcenter preparatory to the completion of the printing stroke by the typebar.

Fig. 4 illustrates the spring released having urged the clampingcomplement of the toggle 5 downwardly, the companion complement passingdownwardly through the zone of dead center at which time the type barcarries into eflfect the printing operation and Fig. 5 is an explodedfragmentary. view in perspective of the controlmechanism forautomatically shifting a respective displaceable pivot about which thecomponents of the toggle swing.

The typewriter, according to the invention, is

generally designated l0 and comprises keys or key levers as H foractuating individual control mechanism, broadly denoted l2, to operate arespective type bar l3. As shown, only one key lever with its controlmechanism for operating a respective type bar has been illustrated, Inactual practice, a plurality of sets of keys or'key levers are provided,each lever operating its respective control mechanism and its controlmech-, anism operating an associated type bar, the group of controlmechanism and respective type bars being arranged in conventionalsegmental fashion as is well understood.

Each control mechanism comprises a tlerod II; a toggle generallyindicated l5 and operatively associated pivoted links it and H. The rodI4 appropriately interconnects the clamping complement l8 of toggle I 5with a respective key lever ll. Toggle l5 serves to interrupt or stopthe swing of a respective type bar and comprises a bell crank shapedclamping complement l8 and an associated displaceable companioncomplement IS, the inner ends of the complementsbeing pivotallyinterconnected in overlapping relation by means of a suitable rivet orpost 20. Complement l9 has its outer end appropriately pivotallyconnected to an intermediate portion of the type bar l3 which has itslower end pivoted on a fixed rod 2|.

The clamping complement I8 is provided with a floating and displaceablepivotal connection; that is, during the cycle of operation, its fulcrumpost 22, at times, is pivotally disposed at the upper part of theirregularly shaped cam slot 23 (Figs. 1 and 2) of the swingable andpivoted link l6 and at other times is pivotally arranged 50 at the lowerpart of the cam slot 23 (Figs. 3 and 4).

The link I! is pivotally mounted on the fixed post 24 and its upperportion rotatably carries the cylindrical stud 22 which projects intoand beyond the cam slot 23 of link l6 having its upper end pivotallymounted on the fixed post 25. Fulcrum pin or stud 22 also frictionallyextends into perforation 26 of the clamping portion 21 of component I 8and has its free end slightly upset to 60 prevent lateral displacementof component |8 relative to links l6 and II, that is to say, stud 22 isbodily movable with the bell crank complement |8, having one endappropriately journaled or secured to link H, the pin 22 being adaptedto be displaced by the action of the cam faces of slot 23 as is wellunderstood.

The clamping head 21 of complement I8 is provided with a cam or noseshaped element 28 having an upper curved face 29 and a lower rectilinearface 30. Cam 28 has a double function; one to collapse a respectivestationary relatively heavy duty U shaped spring, generally designated3|, in the upward displacement of the toggle and two, to abut post 32carried by locking link IS on the downward displacement of the clampingcomponent l8, to shift the floating pivot, that is, the displaceable pin22 from its position at the lowermost part of cam slot 23 to theuppermost part of this slot and consequently changing pivotal relationof the toggle I5 in respect to an associated type bar. The clamping head2! also embodies a projection 33 which cooperates with post 32 of linkIE, to raise the latter and shift the displaceable fulcrum post 22 fromits uppermost part of the cam slot 23 to the lowermost part thereofwhere it is locked and pivotally sustained until such time that thespring 3| releases its energy forcing cam 28 downwardly wherebyrectilinear cam face 30 strikes abutment post 32, consequently raisingthe displaceable pivot pin 22, thereby restoring the initial pivotalrelation of the toggle in respect to the type bar.

Each spring as 3| has its upper leg immovably mounted and its lower legadapted to be displaced inwardly or collapsed, there being a cushioninginstrumentality 34 appropriately interposed between the legs toeliminate clicking and undesirable noises during the coaction of cam 28with spring 3|. In Fig. 1, cam 28 is away from the free lower leg of theU shaped spring. In Fig. 2, cam 28 has just contacted the lower leg ofthis spring. In Fig. 3, the free leg of spring 3| is shown collapsed andurged against the cushioning instrumentality 34. In Fig. 4, the free legof spring 3| has released its energy, being again expanded. havingtransmitted its energy to the head or clamping portion 21 of complement|8 whereby the inner end of the latter is caused to be moved downwardly.

Assuming a key N is in a normally raised position, as indicated by thefull lines in Fig. 1, that is, its respective toggle is collapsed andits associated type bar |3 at rest and in a position furthest away fromthe cooperative cylindrical platen 35 and it is desired to render typebar |3 effective for casting an impression against the platen theoperator applies a staccato touch to a. key N, causing the body of thelatter to be displaced downwardly about its fulcrum 38 consequentlyexpanding the associated relatively light weight helicoidal spring 31which normally maintains the manipulating portion of a key lever in adesired raised position.

Displacement of an operated key in a downward direction, causes anassociated rod |4 to be correspondingly displaced, thus readily raisingcomponent I 8 of toggle l5 and the curved face 29 of cam 28 contacts thefree lower leg of spring 3|. The toggle, however, has moved upwardly andits companion complement or link i9 is substantially horizontal, orpassing through the zone of dead center, that is, although the togglecontinuesto travel upwardly, its associated type l3 does not movetowards the platen.

In other.

words, movement of the type bar has been interrupted or stopped untilthe zone of dead center is passed. Consequently, the type bar stops orhesitates momentarily, losing all of its momentum. Complement I8,however, passes the dead center and the inner portions of the togglecontinue to move upwardly, hence cam 28 causes the free leg of spring 3|to be displaced against the cushioning instrumentality 34.

Projection 33 has also come into contact with the abutment post 32,thereby raising locking link l6, which action by reason of cam slot 22causes the displaceable fulcrum stud or pin 22, to shift inwardly anddownwardly and accordingly occupy the lowermost position of the cam slot23. Although pivot pin 22 has been displaced and the spring iscompressed (Fig. 3), type bar |3, however, has not struck the platen,being slightly spaced therefrom. By this time, the operator has removedfinger pressure from the key. Thus it is apparent, that although a keyhas been struck, nevertheless, no printing has been eifected.

In accordance with the invention, printing of any character is madeduring downward displacement of the toggle pursuant to the expansion ofthe associated U shaped spring and only after the pivotal relation ofthe clamping component of the toggle has been changed.

The energy stored up in spring 3| automatically causes downwarddisplacement of the inner parts of the toggle, that is, the free leg ofspring 3| tends to expand or kick back driving cam 28 downwardly. Thisaction causes the clamping head 21 to rotate about its new pivotalposition,

namely fulcrum pin 22 being now removably locked and pivotally sustainedat the bottom of cam slot 23. Consequently, the inner ends of the togglemove downwardly causing the displacement or advancement of the type barl3 towards the platen and against the latter until complement i9 haspassed the zone of dead center, and during the travel of complement |9through the zone of dead center the operated type bar cast a uniformimpression against the platen.

Having passed the zone of dead center on the return or downward strokeof the toggle, the latter causes the type bar to recede from the platenand the rectilinear face 30 of cam 28 abuts post 32, thus moving lockinglink I6 downwardly which action causes the displaceable pivotalconnection for the toggle again to shift; in this instance, thedisplaceable fulcrum post 22 automatically is restored to the upper partof the cam slot 23 where it is removably locked and pivotally sustaineduntil such time that another staccato touch is applied to a respectivekey.

With the present arrangement, as previously pointed out, printing iseffected only after a key has been released from finger pressure on thepart of the operator. This is an important feature of the invention. Theautomatic changing of the pivotal relation of a toggle in respect to anoperatively associated type bar is another important feature of theinvention.

In carrying the invention into effect, each control mechanism isprovided with a U shaped spring having a desired pressure. The releaseof an associated U shaped spring causes a respective type bar to print.Hence uniform printing is obtained. This is another important feature ofthe invention. By reason of the action of the U shaped springs inshifting respective cam 28 downwardly, associated tie rods and keysaccordingly will be raised, thus supplementing the action apparent tothose skilled in the art without deof a respective helicoidal spring 31.Accordingly relatively light weight springs as 31 may be employed.

If desired, platen 35 may be moved bodily towards or away from thenormal rest position (Fig. l) of the type bars by any suitable means, apredetermined distance and subsequently locked in a selected setposition. In this way, a convenient method is had for adjusting theswingable stroke of the keys to suit the touch of the operator.

Many modifications of the invention will be parting therefrom or fromthe scope of the claims and since the foregoing disclosure has beengiven by way of example for clearness and understanding, no unnecessarylimitations should be understood and the appended claims should beconstrued as broadly as the state of the art permits.

I claim:

1. In a typewriter, the combination of, key means, me'ans actuated bysaid key means for advancing a type bar within close proximity to aplaten, and spring means acting against said actuated means for movingsaid type bar against said platen and away therefrom.

2. In a typewriter, the combination of, key means, means actuated bysaid key means on a downward stroke thereof for advancing a type bartowards and in close spatial relation to a platen, and spring meansoperating against said actuated means for moving said type bar againstsaid platen and away therefrom during upward displacement of said keymeans.

3. In a typewriter, the combination of, depressible key means, meansactuated by said key means on a downward stroke thereof for advancing atype bar towards and in close spatial proximity to a platen, saidactuated means having a predetermined pivotal relation in respect tosaid bar, displaceable means for changing said relation, spring meansacting against said actuated means for moving said type bar against saidplaten and away therefrom during upward displacement of said key means,said actuated means having means for restoring said predeterminedpivotal relation on said upward displacement.

4. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, depressible key means,control means operatively connected to said key means, type meansdisplaceable in response to the actuation of said control means andoperatively associated therewith, said type means adapted to be advancedwithin close proximity to said platen upon the application of pressureon said key means, and means operative subsequent to the removal of saidpressure for moving said type means against said platen duringretraction of said key means.

5. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, key means, controlmeans operatively connected to said key means, type means displaceablein response to the actuation of said control means and operativelyassociated therewith, said control means having means to initiallyadvance and stop said type means within close proximity to said platenupon the application of pressure on said key means, and means operativesubsequent to the removal of said pressure for moving said type meansagainst said platen and away therefrom.

6. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, depressible key means,control means operatively connected to said key means, type meansswingable in response to the actuation of said control means andoperatively associated therewith, said control means operating toadvance and stop said type means within close proximity to said platenupon the application of pressure on said key means, and spring meansacting against said control means and operative subsequent to therenioval of said pressure for moving said type means against said platenand away therefrom '7. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen,depressible key means, control means operatively connected to said keymeans and comprising atoggie having a shiftable pivotal connection, atype bar operatively associated with said toggle and spring means commonto said control and key means, said toggle on the downward displacementof said key means advancing said type bar within close proximity to saidplaten, said spring means acting against said toggle to urge adjacentintermediate portions thereof downwardly to shift said type bar againstsaid platen and subsequently A away therefrom, said control means havingmeans for displacing said pivotal connection to change the initialpivotal relation of said toggle in respect to said type bar on thedownward displacement of said key means, said control means having meansto restore said initial pivotal relation on the downward displacement ofsaid toggle.

8. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, depressible key means,control means operatively connected to said key means and comprising atoggle, a type bar pivotally associated with said toggle, spring means,said control means having means upon the application of pressure on saidkey means for swinging an intermediate portion of said toggle upwardlyto dispose said type bar adjacent said platen and to compress saidspring means, said control means comprising a displaceable member forshifting the pivotal relation of said toggle in respect to said bar,said spring means pursuant to the removal of said pressure actingagainst said toggle to urge intermediate portions thereof downwardly andmove said type bar against said platen and away therefrom.

9. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen,

depressible key means, control means operatively connected to said keymeans and comprising a toggle, a type bar pivotally associated with saidtoggle, a relatively heavy duty spring disposed adjacent said toggle,said control means having means upon the application of pressure on saidkey means for moving intermediate portions thereof upwardly to disposesaid type bar adjacent said platen and to compress said spring, saidcontrol means comprising a pivotal and displaceable member for shiftingthe pivotal relation of said toggle means in respect to said type bar,said spring pursuant to the removal of said pressure acting against saidtoggle to urge adjacent portions thereof downwardly and move said typebar against said platen and away therefrom.

10. In a typewriter, the combination of, a

platen, depressible key means, control means operatively connected tosaid key means and comprising toggle means, a type bar pivotallyassociated with said toggle means, a relatively heavy duty springdisposed adjacent said toggle, said control means having means upon theapplicatill tion of pressure on said key means for moving said toggle tomove said type bar against said platen and away therefrom, said controlmeans having means restoring said initial pivotal relation.

11. In a typewriter, the combination of, depressible key means. meansactuated by said key means upon application of pressure thereon foradvancing a type oar towards and in close spatial proximity to a platen,said actuated means having a predetermined pivotal relation in respectto said bar, displaceable means operatively connected to said actuatedmeans for shifting the said predetermined relation pursuant to theadvancement of said bar within said close spatial relation and springmeans operating said actuated means for moving said type bar againstsaid platen and away therefrom pursuant to the removal of said pressure,said displaceable means having means operated by said actuated means forrestoring said predetermined pivotal relation pursuant to the retractionof the type bar from said platen and a relatively light weight resilientmember operatively connected to said key means to resist downwarddisplacement thereof.

12. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, pivoted key means, apivoted member including a fulcrum pin, a pivotal locking member havingan irregularly shaped opening surrounding said pin, a clamping elementsecured to said pin and comprising cam means, a type bar, a linkpivotally connected to a portion of said clamping element and said typebar, a spring, means interconnecting said clamping element and said keymeans to actuate said clamping element for advancing said type bar inclose proximity to and in spaced relation with said platen upon theapplication of pressure on said key means and for compressing saidspring, a projection on said locking member, said clamping elementhaving means for abutting said projection for shifting said fulcrum pinto a lower portion of said opening.

13. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, pivoted key means, apivotal member including a fulcrum pin, a pivoted locking member havingan irregularly shaped opening surrounding said pin, a clamping elementsecured to said pin and comprising cam means, a type bar, a linkpivotally connected to a portion of said clamping element and said typebar, a spring, means interconnecting said clamping element and said keymeans to actuate said clamping element automatically for advancing saidtype bar in close proximity to but in spaced relation with said platenupon the application of pressure on said key means and for compressingsaid spring, a. projection on said locking member, said clamping elementhaving means to abut said projection for shifting said fulcrum pin to alower portion of said opening, said spring upon the removal of saidpressure urging said cam downwardly to advance said type bar againstsaid platen and away therefrom, said cam having means cooperating withsaid projection for displacing said looking member to arrange saidfulcrum pin at the upper part of said opening.

14. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, pivoted depressiblekey means, a pivoted member including a fulcrum pin, a pivoted lockingmember having an irregularly shaped opening surrounding said pin, apivoted clamping element secured to said pin and comprising cam means, apivoted type bar, a link pivotally connected to a portion of saidclamping element and said type bar, a spring, means interconnecting saidclamping element and said key means for actuating said cam means tooperate said element and advance and stop said type bar in closeproximity to and in spaced relation with said platen upon theapplication of pressure on said key means and for compressing saidspring, a projection on said locking member, said clamping elementhaving means for abutting said projection for shifting said fulcrum pinlongitudinally of said opening, the sides of said opening having meansfor pivotally retaining said pin.

15. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, pivoted key means, apivoted member including a fulcrum pin, a pivoted locking member havingan irregularly shaped elongated opening surrounding said pin, a clampingelement secured to said pin and comprising a cam, a swingable type bar,a link pivotally connected to a portion of said clamping element andsaid type bar, a spring, means interconnecting said clamping element andsaid key means for elevating said cam and for actuating said element toadvance s'aid type bar in close proximity to and in spaced relation withsaid platen upon the application of pressure on said key means and forcompressing said spring, a projection on said locking member, saidclamping element having means for abutting said projection to shift saidfulcrum pin longitudinally of said opening to one end thereof, saidspring upon the removal of said pressure urging said cam downwardly toadvance said type bar against said platen, said cam having meanscooperating with said projection for displacing said locking memberdownwardly to arrange said fulcrum pin at another end of said opening,the latter having cam faces to displaceably retain and pivotally locksaid pin at either of said ends.

16. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, a type bar, a toggleoperatively associated with said type bar, key means operativelyconnected to said toggle, means upon the application of pressure on saidkey means for expanding said toggle, a spring, said toggle having meansfor compressing said spring, and means for displaceably retaining andpivotally locking a portion of said toggle.

17. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, a type bar, a toggleoperatively connected to said type bar, key means operatively connectedto one end of said toggle, said end comprising cam means, a projectionand a fulcrum pin; a pivoted link having one end carrying said pin, apivoted locking element including an abutment and comprising anirregularly shaped cam slot surrounding said pin, said toggle in theupward displacement thereof causing said projection to strike saidabutment for shifting said pin from an upper part of said slot to thelower part thereof, said cam means on the downward displacement of saidtoggle striking said abutment for raising said fulcrum pin from thelower part of said slot to an upper portion thereof.

18. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, key means, typemeans, control means for advancing and stopping said type means withinclose spatial proximity to said platen on the application of pressure onsaid key means, and automatic means for operating said control means tomove said type means towards and against said platen and away therefromupon the removal of said pressure.

19. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, key means, typemeans, control means for advancing said type means towards said platenand for stopping said type means a predetermined distance therefrom uponthe application of a relatively light pressure on said key means, andmeans for automatically operating said control means to move said typemeans against said platen and subsequently away therefrom upon theremoval of said pressure.

20. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, depressible keymeans, control means operatively connected to said key means andcomprising a toggle, a type bar pivotally associated with said toggle,spring means, said control means having means upon the application ofpressure on said key means for moving intermediate portions thereofthrough a zone of dead centre to dispose said type bar in close butspaced relation to said platen and to compress said spring means, saidcontrol means comprising a pivotal and displaceable connection forchanging the pivotal relation of said toggle in respect to said type barpursuant to the travel of said intermediate portions through said zoneof dead centre, said spring means pursuant to the removal of saidpressure cooperating to urge said intermediate portions downwardly andthrough said zone of dead centre and move said type bar against saidplaten and away therefrom, and means cooperating to change said pivotalrelation of said toggle relative to said type bar during retraction ofsaid key means.

21. In a typewriter, the combination of, a platen, depressible keymeans, a type bar, a toggle comprising a shiftable pivotal connectionand a link pivotally secured to said type bar, means operativelyconnecting said toggle and key means and actuated in response to theapplication of pressure on the latter to actuate said link means througha zone of dead centre to dispose said type bar in close spatialproximity to said platen and cause said toggle to break above the zoneof dead centre, spring means actuated by said toggle. means foractuating said shiftable pivotal connection to change the pivotalrelation of said toggle in respect to said type bar pursuant to thetravel of said link through said zone of dead centre, said spring meansupon the removal of said pressure acting on said toggle to move saidlink downwardly through said zone of dead centre to dispose said typebar against said platen and subsequently away therefrom to retract saidtype bar, and means pursuant to the travel of said link downwardlythrough said zone of dead centre for actuating said pivotal connectionto again change the pivotal relation of said toggle in respect to saidtype bar.

22. In a typewriter, the combination of, key means, a type bar, aplaten, means actuated by said key means for advancing said type barwithin close spatial proximity to said platen, said actuated meanscomprising a toggle having a shiftable pivotal connection and havingintermediate portions adapted to pass through a zone of dead centre andbreak above said zone during the spaced relation of said type barrelative to said platen, and spring means acting against said actuatedmeans for moving said type bar against said platen and away therefrom.

23. In a typewriter, the combination of, key means, a type, bar, aplaten, means actuated by said key means for advancing said type bartowards and in close spatial proximity to said platen, said actuatedmeans comprising a toggle having intermediate portions adapted to passthrough a zone of dead centre and break above said zone during thespaced relation of said type bar relative to said platen, said actuatedmeans having an initial predetermined pivotal connection shiftablepursuant to breaking of said toggle to change the initial pivotalrelation of said toggle relative to said type bar, and spring meansacting against said toggle to urge said intermediate portions thereofdownwardly through said zone of dead centre and dispose said type baragainst said platen and subsequently away therefrom, and means foractuating said pivotal connection to restore the initial pivotalrelation of said type bar relative to said platen.

24. In a typewriter, the combination of a platen, a type bar, means forinterrupting the swing of said type bar for a relatively short durationprior to its reaching said platen, said means comprising a togglepivotally connected to said type bar and including a shiftable pivotalconnection having a predetermined initial pivotal relation in respect tosaid type bar, means for displacing said connection pursuant to theinterruption of said swing to change the initial pivotal relation andspring means acting against said toggle to urge said type bar againstsaid platen and subsequently away therefrom and means for actuating saidpivotal connection to restore said initial pivotal relation.

25. In a typewriter, the combination of a type bar, a platen, means forinterrupting the swing of a type bar for a relatively short durationprior to its reaching said platen, said means compris-' ing a togglepivotally connected to said type bar and including a shiftable pivotalconnection having a predetermined pivotal relation in respect to saidtype bar, said toggle having a portion adapted to break above the zoneof dead centre pursuant to the interruption of said swing, spring meansacting against said toggle to urge said type bar against said platen andaway therefrom, and means for actuating said pivotal connection torestore said initial pivotal relation.

26. In a typewriter, in combination, a platen, type means movable towardand away from the platen, key means, and means cooperating with saidtype means and key means for causing the latter to approach but nottouch the platen upon depression of the key means and to move intocontact with the platen upon release of pressure from the key means.

27. In a typewriter, in combination, a platen, type means movable towardand away from the platen, key means, a toggle operatively connected tosaid type means and key means, shiftable pivot means for said togglenormally maintaining the toggle in such position that said type meansupon application of pressure on said key means will be advanced withinclose proximity of the platen as the toggle rises from a lower positionthrough a zone of dead center to an upper position, and means forshifting the toggle pivot means toward the platen to cause the toggle indescending from its upper position to the lower position through saidzone of dead center to move said type means against said platen.

- 28. In a typewriter, in combination, a platen, type means movabletoward and away from the platen, key means, means operatively connectingthe type means and key means and including a toggle, shiftable pivotmeans for the toggle to cause the. toggle to move toward or away from

